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商務英語及學習 |
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流利英語必背句型 |
作者:石家莊趙麗娜律師編輯
出處:法律顧問網·涉外dl735.cn
時間:2010/12/15 17:04:00 |
流利英語必背句型
for/from want of 由于缺少……
The flowers died from want of water.
這些花由于缺少水而枯死了。
Some of the wounded soldiers died for want of medicine.
有些士兵因為缺乏藥物而死去。 for the use of 供……使用的
This parking lot is for the use of employees only.
這個停車場只供員工使用。
This dining hall is for the use of teachers.
這個飯堂是供教師使用的。
in support of 為了支持……,為了擁護……
He spoke at the meeting in support of my idea.
他在會上講話支持我的想法。
They decided to stay in support of the new leadership.
為了支持新的領導班子,他們決定留下來。
so as to 為了(做)……,以便(做)……
They made a lot of lively programs so sas to attract more children.
為了吸引更多的孩子,他們制作了很多生動活潑的節目。
I left home at 5:00 in the morning so as to be there on time.
我早上5點鐘就出門,以便準時到達那里。
in search of 為了尋找……,為了尋求……
He went to the south in search of better prospects.
他為了尋找更好的前途到南方去。
She immigrated to New Zealand in search of a quiet life.
她為了過上平靜的生活移民到新西蘭去。
for the sake of/for ones sake 為……起見,為了……
His family moved to the countryside for the sake of his sons health.
他一家為了他兒子的健康搬到鄉下去。
He betrayed his friend for moneys sake.
他為了錢而出賣自己的朋友。
for ones own safety 為了某人自身的安全
For your own safety please dont smoke inside the plane.
為了你自身的安全,請不要在飛機上抽煙。
Please fasten your seat belt for your own safety.
為了你們自己的安全,請系上安全帶。
for future reference 為了以后參考,為了今后備查
Keep all the price lists on file for future reference.
把所有的價格表存檔,以便今后備查。
You can take this booklet home for future reference.
你可以把小冊子帶回家,留著以后參考。
for reasons of 因……理由,為……緣故
The road has been closed for reasons of safety.
為了安全起見,路已經被封了。
They switched to a new product for reasons of better profits.
為了更好地獲得,他們轉向了一種新產品。
in memory of 為紀念……,為追悼……
She set up an educational fund im memory of her mother.
她為了紀念她母親而設立了一個教育基金會。
This musem was built in memory of the great writer -Lu Xun.
這個博物館是為了紀念偉大作家魯迅而建造的。
in order to 為了……
Most students study hard in order to please the teacher.
為了讓老師開心,多數學生努力工作。
Business schools are trying to improve their courses in order to produce better graduates.
為了培養出更好的畢業生,商務學校在改進他們的課程。
for sb.s benefit/for the benefit of 為了……的利益為了幫助……
It is not his fault. He did it for your benefit.
這不是他的過錯。他是為了你的利益才這樣做的。
All the donations are for the benefit of the disabled children.
所有的捐款都是為了幫助殘疾兒童。
for fear of 以免,以防
Put on a coat for fdar of catching a cold.
穿上外衣以免感冒。
The weather in London is so changable that people always bring their umbrella with them for fear of rain.
倫敦的天氣很多變,人們總是要隨身帶著雨傘以防下雨。
as a result 結果是
As a result, the unemployment rate began to fall.
結果,失業率開始下降。 |
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流利英語必背句型
As a result, 50 per cent of the groundwater in cities is polluted.
結果,城市50%的地表水受到污染。
in honor of 為紀念……,為慶祝……
They are holding a birthday party in honor of the prince.
他們為王子舉行生日會。
The book was written in honor of those who died in the war.
這本書是為紀念在戰爭中死亡的人而寫的。
in favor of 為了支持……,贊同……的
He spoke at the meeting in favor of the plan.
他在會上發言贊成這個計劃。
Most educators are in favor of distance learning.
多數教育家支持遠程教育。 |
如何成為一個很自信的美語表達者
增強美語表達的技巧能夠使你和他人的交流變得有效和容易起來。但如何才能使你成為一個很自信的美語表達者呢?
Practise where you can, when you can. 多練多練,任何機會都不要放過。對會英語的人還是不會英語的人,你都要使出全身解數來用自己已學到的英語詞匯、句子來交流。
Confidence 你的自信對提高你的英語水平非常重要,所以你應該先從簡單的,自己熟悉的英語詞匯、句子開始。那樣你會把注意力的重點放在觀察他人是否能理解自己所說的上面。如果對方是一個講英語的人,如果你的英語不正確,往往他會告訴你正確地表達方法。如果沒人糾正,而你發現自己的英語他人能懂,那樣你就會信心倍增,膽子大起來,會愿意和他人多用英語交流起來。
Try to respond to what people say to you. 當他人和你用英語交流時,你要特別提高注意力,竭力去理解對方。如果有的詞你不理解,不要緊,你往往可以從對方的身肢語言上看出個大概來。你要很自然地和他人交流。
Try not to translate 不要用自己的母語去翻譯對方所說的話。這樣不僅會花去很多時間,也會使你變得猶猶豫豫。
Forget a word 忘了詞怎么辦?學學美國人,試著用"um" , "You know" ,"er" 這樣的詞去填充。
Don't speak too fast. 用自然的快慢節奏講英語,寧慢勿快。讓對方聽請你講的話。
Try to relax 講英語時人要放松。你不緊張的話,就會把注意力放在發音上。很自然的張口,很清楚的聽清自己怎么說的。
Remember: 1.當你說英語的時候,要自信,不要猶豫。 2.不要害羞:說得越多,你也就越有自信。 3.記住禮節,如果你要別人做什么事,要多用“please" & "Thank you"之類的客套詞。 |
零食包裝上的英語
地球村”時代,英語和中文也全球化了。愛吃零食的你怎能不會看包裝袋的英文呢?小心哦,不要一不留神,營養沒跟上,脂肪增加不少了喲。健康又美味,包裝英語跟我學!
國外食品的包裝上,都有非常完整的“營養明細”nutrition facts,現在,國內許多產品的包裝上也開始印上英文了。現在,讓我們好好比較比較,看看食品包裝上中英文名稱的大不同吧。
我們在商店買到的餅干包裝上,有完整的“產品成份”ingredients標示,但在國外許多食品的包裝上,還可以看到以下的內容:
Nutrition Facts 營養明細
Serving Size 5 pieces (55 g) 每份五片(55克)
Servings Per Container About 5 每包約5份
Amount Per Serving 每份含量
Calories 150 Fat Cal.50 % 熱量 150卡 50卡來自脂肪
Percent Daily Values (DV) 每日所需標準百分比
Total Fat 8g 10% 脂肪總量 8克 10%
Sat. Fat 5g 17% 飽和脂肪 5克 17%
Cholesterol 0mg 0% 膽固醇 0毫克 0%
Sodium 155mg 6% 鈉 155毫克 6%
Total Carb. 20g 6% 碳水化合物總量 20克 6%
Fiber 0g 0% 纖維質 0克 0%
Sugars 10g 糖 10克
Protein 5g 蛋白質 5克
Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 0% 維化命A 0% 維他命C 0%
Calcium 3% Iron 5% 鈣 3% 鐵5%
Percent Daily Values (DV)are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 每日所需標準百分比,是以熱量2000卡之膳食為計算標準。
以下是食品包裝營養明細表上常會出現的字,趕快認識,謹記心上吧!
dietary fiber 膳食纖維
protein蛋白質
calcium 鈣
iron鐵
riboflavin核黃素
niacin尼克酸
folic acid 葉酸
phosphorus磷
no preservatives無防腐劑
這些英文說明你都了解了嗎?下次買東西的時候可要看清楚再買,健康飲食才有健康身體嘛! |
英語口語佳句
1. It's not like that.不是那樣的。 這句話是用來辟謠的。當別人誤會了一件事的來龍去脈,你就可以跟他說It's not like that.「不是那樣的。」當然隨著語氣及情境的不同,It's not like that.這句 話也有可能是你用來硬拗的藉口。
2. There is nothing good playing. 沒好電影可看 這里的There's nothing good playing.是接著問句而來的,指的是「沒有好電影可 看。」同樣的,若是電視上沒有好節目可看,你就可以說There's nothing good on TV.
3. I've gotten carried away. 我扯太遠了。 get carried away字面上的意思是「被帶走了」,那么被帶走的是什么呢?就是心思。 當你或是他人說話的時候離了題,偏離主旨扯遠了。你就可以用上這個表達法I've / You've gotten carried away.
4. Good thing... 還好,幸好… 在美語當中若要表達中文里「還好,幸好…」的語氣,你就可以用Good thing...做開 頭。這個句型非常簡單又好用,你只要在Good thing后面加上完整的句子就可以。
5. I don't believe you're bringing this up. 你現在提這件事真是豈有此理 你現在提這件事真是豈有此理bring something up是指「提到(某件事)」。當然情況 會有正反兩面。你若沒想到對方會提起這件事討罵,你可以說I don't believe you're bringing this up.。而反過來說,若你很高興對方主動提起了一件事,你也可以用這 個片語,自然說出I am glad you are bringing this up.
6. spy on... 跟監(某人) spy這個字就是「間諜」。當動詞用的意思自然就是「做間諜做的事」,也就是「監 視,跟蹤」之意。當你要去監視跟蹤某人,美語中就說成spy on someone。
7. There's no other way of saying it.沒有別種說法 有時候不管你再怎么轉、再怎么拗,也沒有辦法更婉轉或是避開一些絕對會出現的字, 這時候你就可以用上There's no other way of saying it.這句話,來表達自己避無可 避的為難,因為「沒有別種說法。」
8. That will not always be the case. 情況不會永遠是這樣 case這個字有「情況」的意思,That will be the case.就是指「情況就會是這樣 了。」但是你若覺得現在的情況只會是暫時,不會長久,你就可以反過來說That will not always be the case.「情況不會永遠是這樣。」
9. She is coming on to you. 她對你有意思 She is coming on to you.這句話是用在兩性的關系上,意思是「她對你投懷送抱。」 也就是形容某人對某人有意思的情況,這個句型男女兩性都適用;同樣的情況,你也可 以說She is making a pass at you.「她對你眉來眼去的。」這兩種說法都很生動,而 且最棒的是沒有新單字,贊!
10. I was being polite.我這是在說客氣話 polite這個字,我們在學校學的意思是「有禮貌的。」當然你若要說一個人有禮貌,你 可以說He is polite.或是He has good manners.不過I was being polite.這句話是指 「我這是在說客氣話。」使用的情境比較趨近于客套而不傷和氣的出發點,與「做作」 artificial (a.)又不一樣了。
11. stand someone up 放(某人)鴿子 stand someone up這個詞組,大家若是第一次看到,想必多半是滿頭霧水,怎么單字全 都認識,意思卻完全猜不出來。其實stand someone up的意思就是「放(某人)鴿 子」,這么簡單又實用的句子,可得趕快記起來。
12. So that explains it. 原來如此 有時候事情的來龍去脈渾沌不清,讓人摸不著頭腦,若是突然曙光一現,讓你豁然開 朗,這會兒你就可以用上這句話So that explains it / everything.「這就都說得通 了。」
13. I feel the same way. 我有同感。 當他人說出了你的感覺,你再同意也不過的時候,你就可以用上這句話I feel the same way.「我有同感。」這句話不但可以讓你避免把同樣的話再講一次,幫你省了不 少口水,還可以讓對方覺得自己的意見被尊重呢。I feel the same way.趕快記起來。
14. Is there someone else? 你是不是有了新歡? Is there someone else?這句話字面上是指「有其它人嗎?」不過Is there someone else? 這句話在使用上,問的那個「其它人」一定是感情上的「新歡,新對象」,所以 若是情侶或是夫妻之間有人說了這句Is there someone else?「你是不是有了新歡?」 這可就不太妙了。
15. I can't help myself. 我情不自禁 我無法控制自己。 I can't help myself.這句話可不是「我幫不了自己。」(趕快消 除記憶),其實 I can't help myself. 這句話的意思是「我情不自禁。」指的是對自 己的無能為力。I can't help... 這個句型很好用,若是你遇到一個情況,想要說「我 不禁納悶了起來。」在美語中你就可以直接說: I can't help but wonder.
16. come hell or high water 這個短語的使用時機是當你要去執行一項任務或是做一件事之際,只許成功不許失敗的 決心。 就猶如中文的「就算天崩地裂…」,比喻不論發生什么狀況都要去完成使命。 可以用在句首當作一句話的開頭,或是放在句尾補述。
17. have something in common have something in common是指「彼此有著共通點」,可能是嗜好,也可能是觀念。若 你和某人完全不對盤,絲毫沒有共通點,你就可以說We have nothing in common.
18. What have you got to lose? What have you got to lose?這句話當中的lose是指「失去」的意思,當有人猶豫不 決,始終做不了決定,你就可以用這句話What have you got to lose? 「你有啥好損 失的?」,來增強對方破釜沈舟的決心。
19. You shouldn't be so hard on yourself. 這句話是用來安慰他人的,當有人對于自己太過苛責,給與自己讓人喘不過氣來的壓 力,你就可以跟對方說這句話You shouldn't be so hard on yourself.「你不該這么 苛責自己的」。讓對方好過一些。
20. Don't get me started on it. 這句話是指「別讓我打開話匣子」,意思是你對于某一件事或是一個主題,有很多的意 見,要是讓你開了話頭,可能就要聽你連說個七天七夜,沒完沒了。Don't get me started on it.這句話是用來表達你對一件事情牢騷滿腹的心情。
21. When you get down to it get down to...是指「追究出最根柢的原因」,也就是把層層的原因攤開,在抽絲剝繭 之后所得到最精確最原本的那個答案。
22. let someone off let someone off是指「放某人一馬」,也就是let someone off the hook,就如同你 在釣魚,魚兒上了「鉤」hook,而你把它放掉let it off the hook「放它一馬」。
23. I don't know what came over me. 這句話的使用時機是,當你覺得自己方才或是回想當時的舉動反應,跟平常的自己判若 兩人,等自己回過味來,才覺得有所不妥,猶如中文里的「我不知道自己是哪根筋不 對」。
24. I think you're thinking of somone else. 這句話的使用時機是若誰認錯人,或是記錯人的時候,你就可以跟對方說I think you're thinking of someone else.「我覺得你是想到別人去了」 |
常用英語口語:分手
I want to break up. 我要分手。
It's over. 我們緣分已盡。
Don't call me anymore. 別再打電話給我。
There's someone else. 我有了別人。
We're not meant for each other. 我們命中注定不適合。
旁敲側擊說分手
I need some time alone. 我需要一個人過一陣子。
We're better off as friends. 我們做朋友比較好。
You're too good for me. 我配不上你。
You deserve a better man/woman. 你應該找個更好的對象。 |
辦公室英語口語謬誤:I Think
I think. 是這樣吧。
(林先生注意到的美籍主管,經常會提出部屬表現出色的地方,并且在適當的時候給予贊美,激發他們做得更好。拜吉姆提的點子所賜,工作進展非常順利。林先生叫住了吉姆。)
Mr.Lin: Jim, your idea really helped us a lot! 吉姆,你的點子真是幫了大忙了。
Jim: Thank you. This program is working really well. 謝謝。這個程序執行很順利。
(吉姆顯得非常高興,也充滿了干勁。)
Mr.LinL: Yes. You are a great programmer, I think. 是啊。你是個很好的程序員。
(林先生想要強調“我真的是這么認為”,所以還加強語氣說了“I think”。但一聽到“I think”,剛剛還笑逐言開的吉姆,臉上卻掠過一抹陰影。)
【Note】 在句子最后加上“I think”,表示“是不是如此,我自己也沒有什么自信。”的意思。但吉姆聽起來,林先生說“我認為你是個很優秀的程序員(但其他人是不是這么認為,我就沒有把握。)”那到底是褒是貶,就很難說了。如果說“I think you are a great programmer.”,那吉姆就不會垂頭喪氣了!這時省略“I think”,而直接說“You are a great programmer!”,反而更能正確表達。想要明確地表達“我認為”,要將“I think”放在句子的開頭。 |
英語順口溜
英語中的俚語、口語或“順口溜”很多,它們的意義,往往與字面意義不同,有時也不合文法的結構,所以正確了解和靈活使用,是學習英語者的難題之一。下面即是常見的一些,供讀者參考。
1. to be(或become)fed up with(someone或something):意思是對某人或某事感到討厭或厭倦(to get tired of; to be disgusted or to get sick of)
例如:I am fed up with his constant complaints.(他常常的抱怨令我厭煩。)
We all became fed up with his long speech.(他的長篇演說我們都覺得討厭。)
The husband has been fed up with his wife's nagging.(老公對老婆的嘮叨感到厭煩。)
如果只用“to be fed up”也可以:
I will not wait for her; I am fed up.(我不想再等她了;我厭了。)
(動詞時態是:feed, fed, fed)可見這句俚語似乎有“被動味道”,如果用 feed,意思又不同了。
例如:The mother will feed the baby with milk.(母親喂嬰兒牛奶。)(feed是及物動詞)
The cattle feed on grass(牛以草為生。)(feed 是不及物動詞) 但是 The cattle were fed with the grass by the farmer.(農夫用草喂牛。) (cattle 是復合名詞,意為復數); 可以說:I am fed up with him.(我討厭他) (但不能說:I feed up with him.)
2. to be in a rut:是指對每天同樣的工作或是墨守成規一成不變的習慣,感到單調乏味
(to be tired of routine job; nothing new or excited)(rut這個字本意是慣例或老套)。
例如:He has not been promoted for 20 years; he must be in a rut.(他廿年未獲升級,一定感到單調枯燥。)
After thirty years of the same job, he feels he is in a rut.(干了卅年同樣的工作,他覺得枯燥乏味。)所以要放棄單調枯燥的生活方式,就是 to get out of the rut.
例如:If you hate your old job, you need to get out of the rut.(假如你不喜歡你的老工作,你就要走出乏味的日子。)
3. to cut the cord:意思是父母要讓兒女離家過著獨立自主的生活
(let your children leave home and become independent)(只用於父母與兒女間的關系);
例如:When your children are old enough to take care of themselves, you have to cut the cord.(當你的孩子長大可以照顧他們自己時,你就應該讓他們自力更生。)(即切斷依賴父母的臍帶。)
It is very difficult for many Chinese parents to cut the cord with their children.(許多中國父母很難讓兒女完全獨立自主。)(注:這里的 cord,是指umbilical cord即臍帶。)
4. to start from square one:意思是上次沒有成功,必須回到起點從頭做起 (something did not succeed in the first place, have to start over again)(這與 to be back to square one 意義相同);
例如:He has to start from square one because his computer destroyed(crashed)his homework.(由於電腦搞壞了他的作業,他必須從頭做起。) The search committee for the new college president will have to start from square one.(選拔新校長委員會上次沒有成功,現在又要從頭做起。) We are back to square one.(我們又從頭做起。) |
英語順口溜
5. to paint(someone)a picture:意思是解釋某種情況,使人更加明白。 (to explain the situation; to make things more clear);
例如:In order for you to understand better, I will paint you a picture.(為了使你更能明白,我愿加以解釋。)
He will try to paint us a picture when he gives a speech.(他演講時,盡量想法使我們明白。)
When I write an article for a newspaper, I will paint my readers a clear picture.(當我為報紙寫文章時,我盡量讓我的讀者充分了解。)
但是 to paint a picture,意思又有不同了。
例如:The artist will paint a picture of me.(畫家為我畫像。) The artist painted a picture for his interior decoration.(畫家為了他的室內布置而畫了一幅畫。)
6. to take a(或 its)toll:意思是造成損失或有不良的影響 (to have bad effect);
例如:His hard work will eventually take its toll on his health.(他的辛勞工作,最後對他身體會造成傷害。)
Inflation has taken its toll everywhere.(通貨膨脹對各地都有不良影響。) The storm took a heavy toll.(暴風造成重大損失。)
The severe earthquake may have taken its toll on the economy of Taiwan.(或 Taiwan's economy)(強烈地震對臺灣的經濟造成損失。)
The boss eliminated several senior positions to save money;it took a personal toll on him.(老板為了省錢刪除了幾個資深職位,對他個人倒有不良影響。)
(注:to take its toll 較為常用)
7. to have the floor:指在開會時取得發言權,有人發言時,其他與會者應該注意聽。
(Everybody at the meeting should keep quiet and listen carefully when someone speaks to the audience.)(floor 本意是全體議員或全體與會者。)
例如:Will you mind letting Miss Wang have the floor?(王小姐發言時,請大家安靜注意聽好嗎?)
Everybody should be able to have the floor during the meeting.(開會時,每個人都應該有發言權。)
Let Mr. Chen have the floor for ten minutes.(讓陳先生發言十分鐘,大家注意聽。)
He was given the floor by the chairperson.(主席讓他發言。)
8. to hold water:意思是站得住腳,禁得起考驗或有足夠的證據可證明一件事的可靠性
(to have evidence to prove something)(反之,“hold no water”就是沒有足夠的證據,站不住腳。)
例如:I think his statement does not hold water. (我想他的聲明是站不住腳的)
也就是:There is no enough evidence to prove what he has said. (可見“hold no water”=“does not hold water”)His theory holds water. (他的理論是有足夠證明的)
Her constant excuses for being tardy holds no water.(或 does not hold water) (她時常的遲到藉口,沒有足夠的理由。)
The U. S. bombing excuse did not hold water with China. (美國轟炸理由不足取信中國)也就是:
China feels that the reason given by the U.S. for bombing the Chinese embassy does not hold water. 所以:
The argument does not hold wate r= The argument holds no water.(這爭吵是沒有足夠的理由)
9. to tighten(one's)belt:意思是束緊褲帶,省吃儉用或縮緊預算(to cut the budget)
例如:The government has to tighten its belt due to a large deficit.(由於龐大的赤字,政府必須縮緊預算。)
He tried to tighten his belt after he lost his job.(他失業後,想辦法省吃儉用。)
但也可指真正的束緊腰帶:Mrs. Chen has tightened her belt because she lost twenty pounds.(陳太太縮緊了腰帶因為她瘦了廿磅) |
英語口語學習關鍵:模仿+復述
俗話說“熟能生巧”,“熟練”是與人會話的前提,只有熟練,在會話時才能流利。熟練的標準就是要達到不假思索地脫口而出。而英語口語要做到熟練,有兩大步驟不能忽視:一是要學會模仿,二就是要學會復述,本周就這兩個步驟和大家共同探討提高英語口語的對策——
衡量口語水平四大要點
1.語音、的語調是否正確,口齒是否清楚;
2.流利程度;3.語法是否正確,用詞是否恰當,是否符合英語表達習慣;
4.內容是否充實,邏輯是否清楚。
這些是衡量會話能力的主要標準。針對以上標準,我們可以采取相應的訓練方法:
模仿的原則
一要大聲模仿這一點很重要,模仿時要大大方方,清清楚楚,一板一眼,口形要到位,不能扭扭捏捏,小聲小氣地在嗓眼里嘟嚷。
二要隨時都準備糾正自己說不好的單詞、的短語等
有了這種意識,在模仿時就不會覺得單調、的枯燥,才能主動、的有意識、的有目的地去模仿,這種模仿才是真正的模仿,才能達到模仿的目的,也就是要用心揣摩、的體會。
三要堅持長期模仿一般來說,純正、的優美的語音、的語調不是短期模仿所能達到的,需要一段時間,時間的長短取于自學者的專心程度。
模仿的標準
模仿要達到什么程度才算好了呢?簡單地說就是要“像”,如果能夠達到“是”就更好了,但不一定要達到“是”。“像”是指模仿者的語音、的語調等都很接近所模仿的語言,“是”就是不僅在語音、的語調等方面都很接近所模仿的聲音,而且非常逼真。
模仿的方法
第一步,模仿語音。模仿時要一板一眼,口形要正確,剛開始模仿時,速度不要過快,用慢速模仿,以便把音發到位,待把音發準了以后,再加快速度,用正常語速反復多說幾遍,直到達到不用想就能用正常語速把句子輕松地說出來(脫口而出),對于自己讀不準或較生疏的單詞要反復多聽幾遍,然后再反復模仿,一個單詞一個單詞地練,在那些常用詞上下功夫,盡量模仿得像一些。
第二步,模仿詞組的讀法。有了第一步的基礎,這一步就容易多了。重點要放在熟練程度和流利程度上,要多練一下連讀、的同化等語音技巧。
第三步,段落及篇章模仿,重點在于提高流利程度。打開錄音機或收音機跟著模仿,“他”說你模仿,同步進行。目的要提高口腔肌肉的反應速度,使肌肉和大腦更加協調起來。
模仿練習時要注意一個問題,就是害羞心理。害羞心理一方面源于性格,一般性格內向的人,講話時易小聲小氣,這對學習英語語音語調很不利,要注意克服。另一方面是源于自卑心理,總以為自己英語水平太差,不敢開口,尤其是當與口語水平比自己高的人對話時,更易出現這種情況。克服這種心理障礙,是學好口語的前提。
復述的方法
學英語離不開記憶,記憶不是死記硬背,要有靈活性。復述就是一種很好的自我訓練口語,記憶單詞、的句子的形式。
復述有兩種常見的方法。一是閱讀后復述,一是聽磁帶后復述。后種方法更好些,這種方法既練聽力,又練口語表達能力。同時,可以提高注意力的集中程度,提高聽的效果,而且還可以提高記憶力,克服聽完就忘的毛病。
復述的原則
要循序漸進,可由一兩句開始,聽完后用自己的話(英語)把所聽到的內容說出來,一遍復述不下來,可多聽幾遍,越練遺忘就越少。在剛開始練習時,因語言表達能力、的技巧等方面原因,往往復述接近于背誦,但在基礎逐漸打起來后,就會慢慢放開,由“死”到“活”。在保證語言正確的前提下,復述可有越來越大的靈活性,如改變句子結構,刪去一些不大有用或過難的東西,長段可以縮短,甚至僅復述大意或作內容概要。
復述的內容也要有所選擇。一般來說,所選資料的內容要具體生動,有明確的情節,生詞量不要太大。可選那些知識性強的小短文。開始時可以練習復述小故事,有了基礎后,復述的題材可擴展開些。
復述表面看慢,實際上對英語綜合能力的培養很有幫助。如果時間較充足,可以在口頭復述的基礎上,再用筆頭復述一下,這樣做可以加深掌握語言的精確程度,提高書面表達能力。 |
英語口語句子:看病
英語口語句子:看病
1、一般病情
He feels headache, nausea and vomiting. 他覺得頭痛、惡心和想吐。
He is under the weather. 他不舒服,生病了。
He began to feel unusually tired. 他感到反常的疲倦?
He feels light-headed. 他覺得頭暈。
She has been shut-in for a few days. 她生病在家幾天了。
Her head is pounding. 她頭痛。
His symptoms include loss of appetite, weight loss, excessive fatigue, fever and chills. 他的癥狀有食欲和體重減輕、非常疲倦、發燒和發冷。
He feels exhausted or fatigued most of the time. 他大部份時間都覺得非常疲倦。
He has been lacking in energy for some time. 他感到虛弱有段時間了。
He feels drowsy, dizzy and nauseated. 他覺得昏昏欲睡,頭暈目眩和想吐。
He feels as though everything around him is spinning. 他感到周圍的東西都在打轉。
He has noticed some loss of hearing. 他發覺耞力差些。
She has some pains and itching around her eyes. 她眼睛四周又痛又癢。
2、傷風感冒
He has been coughing up rusty or greenish-yellow phlegm. 他咳嗽帶有綠黃色的痰。
His eyes feel itchy and he has been sneezing. 他眼睛發癢,而且一直在打噴嚏。
He has a fever, aching muscles and hacking cough. 他有發燒,筋骨酸痛和常常咳嗽。 hacking = constant。
He coughed with sputum and feeling of malaise. 他咳嗽有濃痰,而且覺得很虛弱。 malaise = debility。
He gets a cold with a deep hacking cough. 他傷風咳嗽。
He has a headache, aching bones and joints. 他頭痛,骨頭、關節也痛。
He has a persistent cough. 他不停地在咳。
He has bouts of uncontrollable coughing. 他一陣陣的咳嗽,難以控制。
He has hoarse and has lost his voice sometimes. 他聲音嘶啞,有時失聲。
He has a sore throat and a stuffy nose. 他嗓子疼痛而且鼻子不通。
His breathing is harsh and wheezy. 他呼吸時,有氣喘似的呼哧呼哧作響。
He has a stabbing pain that comes on suddenly in one or both temples. 有時突然間太陽穴刺痛。
He has a runny nose, sneezing or a scratchy throat. 他流鼻水,打噴嚏和喉嚨沙啞。
3、女性疾病
She has noticed one lump in her breast. 她發覺乳房有個腫塊。
There is a hard, swollen lump on her right breast. 她右乳房有腫塊。
Her left breast is painful and swollen. 她左乳房疼痛且腫大。
She has heavy bleeding with her periods. 她月經來的很多。
Her vaginal discharge is white or greenish-yellow and unpleasant smelling. 她陰道分泌物帶白色或綠黃色,而且氣味不好。
She has noticed occasional spotting of blood between periods. 在月經來的前后,她有時也發覺有滴滴達達的流血。
She has some bleeding after intercourse. 性交后有出血。
She feels some vaginal itching. 她感到陰部發癢。
She has painful periods and abnormal vaginal discharge. 她月經來時疼痛,而且陰道有不正常的分泌物。
4 手腳毛病
His both hands and feet ache all over. 他兩手兩腳都很酸痛。
He has pain on the sole of his feet. 他腳底很痛。
There is a wart-like lump on the sole of right foot. 我右腳底有個像肉疣般的硬塊。
His ankles look puffy and they pit when he presses them with his finger. 他的足踝好象腫了,用手按,就有小坑痕。 pit = small dent form 句里的 they 和 them 都是指 ankles。
The pain in his left foot is accompanied by redness and swelling. 左腳酸痛,并有紅腫。
The joints near his fingernails and knuckles look swollen. 指頭和指節旁邊的關節,似乎有腫大。
He has numbness and tingling in his hands and fingers. 他的手和指頭感到麻木和刺痛。
His legs become painful following strenuous exercise. 激烈運動后,他的腿就痛。
His knee is misshapen or unable to move. 他的膝蓋有點畸形,也不能動。
There are some swellings in his armpit. 他的腋窩腫大。
He is troubled with painful muscles and joints. 他的筋骨和關節都痛。
She is troubled by the pains in the back and shoulders. 她的后背和肩膀都痛。
His knee has been bothering him for some time. 他的膝蓋不舒服,已有一段時間了。
5、睡眠不好
He is sleeping poorly. 他睡不好
He has difficulty in sleeping, inability to concentrate. 他不易入睡,也難集中精神。
It is usually hard for her to fall asleep when she goes to bed at night. 她晚上就寢,很難入睡。 He wakes during the night or early morning and finds it difficult to fall asleep again. 他晚間或清早醒來后,再也不能入睡。 |
英語口語句子:看病
He has nightmares occasionally. 他有時做噩夢。
6、男性疾病
He urinates more frequently than usual. 他小便比平時多。
He has difficulty controlling his bladder. 他很難控制小便。bladder 是膀胱。
There are some lumps on his testicles. 他的睪丸有些硬塊。
He has had burning or pain when he urinates. 他小便時感到發熱和疼痛。
He is passing less urine than usual. 他小便比平時少。
He has had painless swelling in his scrotum. 他的陰囊有不痛的腫大。
He feels lack of interest in *. 他自覺對性的興趣大減。
He has difficulty starting his urine flow. 他小便不暢通。
His urine stream is very weak and slow. 他小便流動得很慢很弱。
He dribbles a little urine after he has finished urinating. 他小便后,還會有少量零星地滴下。
He has had some discharge from his penis. 他的陰莖排出一些流膿。
His urine is cloudy and it smells strong. 他的小便混濁,而且氣味不好。
He has a dull heavy ache in the crotch. 他的胯部感到隱痛。
He has a small leakage of urine when he coughs or sneezes. 他咳嗽或打噴嚏時,會有點泄尿。
He has trouble urinating. 他小便有困難。
7、呼吸方面
His breathing has become increasingly difficult. 他呼吸越來越困難。
He has to breathe through his mouth. 他要用口呼吸。
He is short of breath, even when he has not been exercising, he is breathless. 他喘氣;即使不運動,他也是上氣不接下氣。
His cough is more like wheezing. 他的咳嗽有呼哧呼哧的響聲。
His cough is dry, producing no phlegm. 他是干咳,沒有痰。
He has coughed up blood. 他咳嗽有血。
His nose stuffed up when he had a cold. 他感冒時鼻子就不通。
He coughs up a lot of phlegm thick spit on most days. 他多半時間咳出濃濃的痰。
He has a feeling of tightness in the chest or a feeling that he is suffocating. 他胸部覺得悶悶的,好象透不過氣來。
8、口腔毛病
He has pain in his teeth or jaw. 他的牙齒和下巴疼痛。
He has some problems with his teeth. 他牙齒有問題。
The tooth hurts only when he bites down on it. 他咬東西時,牙齒就痛。動詞時態:hurt,hurt, hurt,bite,bit,bit。
His gums are red and swollen. 他的牙床紅腫。
His tongue is red and sore all over. 他的舌頭到處紅和痛。
His breath smells bad and he has a foul taste in his mouth. 他口里有怪味。
His gums do bleed. 他牙床有出血。
He has some sore swellings on his gum or jaw. 他的牙床和下巴腫痛。
He has sore places on or around the lip. 他的嘴唇和周圍都很痛。
There are cracks at the corners of his mouth. 他的嘴巴角落破了。
There are some discolored areas inside on his tongue. 他舌頭里邊有些地方顏色怪怪的。
9、腸胃毛病
He has a bloated, uncomfortable feeling after meal. 他飯后肚子覺得脹脹的,很不舒服。 或 He feels bloated after eating.
He has bouts of abdominal pain. 他有一陣陣的肚痛。
He feels bloated in his abdominal area. 他感到肚子脹脹的。注:脹脹的,像(puff up),但不是真正的腫(swell up)。
The pain is mainly in the lower upper right part of the abdomen. 痛是在肚子下半部。
He has nausea and vomiting. 他有惡心和嘔吐。
It is difficult or painful for him to swallow. 他吞下食物時會痛。
He has passed more gas than usual. 他放…比平常多。
He has been constipated for a few days. 他便秘了好幾天。
He suffers pains when he moves his bowels. 他大便時很痛。
He has some bleeding from his rectum. 他的肛門出血。
He has noticed some blood in his bowel movements. 他發覺大便時有些血。
His bowel movements are pale, greasy and foul smelling. 他大便呈灰白色,含油脂的惡臭。 或 His bowel movements are grey or black in color. 他的大便呈灰白色。
He has trouble with diarrhea. 他拉肚子。
10、血壓等等
His blood pressure is really up. 他的血壓很高。
He has noticed frequent urination, increased thirst and unexpected tireness. 他發覺常常小便,非常口渴和更加疲倦。
It is a chest pain that gets worse when he bends over or lies down. 他彎腰或躺下時,胸部更痛。
He has noticed excessive sweating and unexplained tireness. 他體會到過度的出汗和難以解釋的疲倦。 |
英語口語句子:看病
He has a sharp pain in one area of his spine. 他的脊椎某部位刺痛。
He has pain in other joints including hip, knee and ankle. 其它關節疼痛包括臀部、膝蓋和腳踝。
His eyes seem to be bulging. 他的眼睛覺得有點腫脹。
He has double vision. 他的視線有雙重影子。
He feels there is a film over his eyes. 他覺得眼里有種薄膜似的東西,擋住視線。
His vision in the right eye blurred. 他右眼視線模糊不清。
He has had some earaches lately. 他近來耳朵有點痛。
He has a repeated buzzing or other noises in his ears. 他耳朵常有嗡嗡的聲音。 |
英語口語句子:籃球
NBA 籃球英語第三集
1. Van Exel beat the shot clock with a 3-pointer with 1:13 left for a 101-99 lead, but Mason hit an off-balance shot in the lane. Van Exel在比賽剩下1分13秒出手時限結束前投進一記三分球使比數以101比99領 先,但是Mason在禁區內在身軀不穩的情形下也投進一球。
beat the shot clock:在出手時限結束之前(完成出手投籃的動作) 。NBA規定 進攻一方必須在內24秒出手投籃,但在球過中線以後在前場的發球後,必須在 14 內秒 出手投籃,否則違例。shot clock即是這種限時的計時器。在工作時限 (deadline,例 如:交報告、交學費、申請入學、報名考試等的截止日期)前完成工作,可以說 beat the deadline。
2. Jerry Stackhouse scored 13 of his 34 points in the final 3:38 as the Detroit Pistons beat the Grizzlies 90-80 Thursday night, ruining their debut in a new hometown that had waited more than three decades for such a team. 星期四晚間,底特律活塞隊以90比80擊敗灰熊隊中;Jerry Stackhouse在最後的 3分38秒裡拿下13分,他全場共得34分的比賽。灰熊隊的新家(肯塔基州曼菲斯城)等了 30 年才盼到一支球隊的主場首勝美夢就此破滅。
ruin:壞了…的好事,…的好事泡湯。 debut:首度公開出現(於某場合)。 Three decades:三個十年(decade),三十年。
3. Iverson, the NBA MVP, still is rehabilitating his right elbow. McKie, the league's Sixth Man of the Year, has an injured right shoulder. Both are close to returning. NBA最有價值球員Iverson的右肘仍在養傷之中。NBA最佳第六人McKie右肩受傷。 兩人即將返回球場。
rehabilitating:養傷,原形是 rehabilitate,名詞形為 rehabilitation。其 他的用字還有 recuperate。「護士」一字 nurse當做動詞用也是「養傷」的意思。 close to:接近於…。此處的「接近」是指接近某種程度或狀況。由於此處的to 是介系詞,因此後面接著用動詞時,應用動名詞【動詞+ing】;千萬不要把這個 to 當 做不定詞的 to 而接動詞原形。
4. The Cavaliers managed to get within eight points early in the fourth quarter, but it didn't take long for the Kings to finish them off. …Seattle forward Rashard Lewis managed only 11 points. 第四節才開始不久,騎士隊勉強將比數拉近到只落後 8 分,但好景不常,國王 隊後來仍終結了騎士隊…西雅圖(超音隊)的前鋒 Rashard Lewis 拼拼湊湊只得到11 分。
managed:設法…;勉強達到…的目標。做此意思解釋時,後面接動詞時必須使 用不定詞的型式。 take long:花很長的一段時間。此片語通常只用於否定句。
5. …Jackson made consecutive 3-pointers and the Kings hit eight of their first 11 shots from the field in the second quarter while building a 21-point lead. …Jackson連續投進三分球,國王隊在第二節中投11中 8而取得21分的領先。
consecutive:連續:指一連串;此處不用 continuous,因為 continuous表示 不中斷。
6. Coach talked to me today about making plays, not just being a 'go-to' man, but also getting my teammates involved. 今天教練對我說,我應該如何控球完成進攻計畫;不要只做個「關鍵時刻」射 手,而是要幫助隊友進入狀況。
'go-to' man:在關鍵時刻可以託付重任的人,另一個說法是 clutch player。
7. Jones scored five of his points in overtime to help the Heat snap a two-game losing streak. Jones在延長賽中得到5分,使(邁阿密)熱浪隊終止兩場連敗。
help the Heat snap:snap本意為「(突然)折斷、(突然)斷掉」,引申為「終 止」之意。help 接受詞再接第二個動詞時,用不定詞【to+動詞】,但一般常省略to。 losing streak:連敗。此處streak是指(比賽勝、負場數的)連續。連勝當然就 是winning streak了。
8. Gill, meanwhile, fractured the small finger on his left hand… 同時,Gill左手小指骨折…
fractured:【動詞】骨折;【名詞】:fracture。脫臼是 dislocate,筋骨、 肌肉、韌帶、關節的扭傷是 sprain。
9. Coach Rudy Tomjanovich thought it just took Francis a while to get in a groove. 教練Rudy Tomjanovich認為 Francis只要過一段時間就能得心應手。
take (somebody) a while:花(某人) 一段時間。 in a groove:得心應手,順手,上手。
10. The big difference was the rebounding. Even when they went small, they pounded the boards better than we did. 最大的差異在於籃板球數量的多寡。即使他們擺出「地虎」陣容,他們搶籃板球 也比我們搶得兇。
went small:排出身材較為矮小的球員陣容。也可以說 play small ball。 pounded the boards:搶籃板球。 |
日常英語口語
1. Stop complaining! 別發牢騷! 2. You make me sick! 你真讓我惡心! 3. What’s wrong with you? 你怎么回事? 4. You shouldn’t have done that! 你真不應該那樣做! 5. You’re a jerk! 你是個廢物/混球! 6. Don’t talk to me like that! 別那樣和我說話! 7. Who do you think you are? 你以為你是誰? 8. What’s your problem? 你怎么回事啊? 9. I hate you! 我討厭你! 10. I don’t want to see your face! 我不愿再見到你! 11. You’re crazy! 你瘋了! 12. Are you insane/crazy/out of your mind? 你瘋了嗎?(美國人絕對常用!) 13. Don’t bother me. 別煩我。 14. Knock it off. 少來這一套。 15. Get out of my face. 從我面前消失! 16. Leave me alone. 走開。 17. Get lost.滾開! 18. Take a hike! 哪兒涼快哪兒歇著去吧。 19. You piss me off. 你氣死我了。 20. It’s none of your business. 關你屁事! |
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