1982年8 月23日第五屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議通過
1993年2 月22日第七屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第三十次會議《關于修改〈中華人民共和國商標法〉的決定》第一次修正
2001年10月27日第九屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第二十四次會議《關于修改〈中華人民共和國商標法〉的決定》第二次修正
第一章 總則
第一條 為了加強商標管理，保護商標專用權，促使生產、經營者保證商品和服務質量，維護商標信譽，以保障消費者和生產、經營者的利益，促進社會主義市場經濟的發展，特制定本法。
第二條 國務院工商行政管理部門商標局主管全國商標注冊和管理的工作。國務院工商行政管理部門設立商標評審委員會，負責處理商標爭議事宜。
第三條 經商標局核準注冊的商標為注冊商標，包括商品商標、服務商標和集體商標、證明商標；商標注冊人享有商標專用權，受法律保護。
本法所稱集體商標，是指以團體、協會或者其他組織名義注冊，供該組織成員在商事活動中使用，以表明使用者在該組織中的成員資格的標志。
本法所稱證明商標，是指由對某種商品或者服務具有監督能力的組織所控制，而由該組織以外的單位或者個人使用于其商品或者服務，用以證明該商品或者服務的原產地、原料、制造方法、質量或者其他特定品質的標志。
集體商標、證明商標注冊和管理的特殊事項，由國務院工商行政管理部門規定。
第四條 自然人、法人或者其他組織對其生產、制造、加工、揀選或者經銷的商品，需要取得商標專用權的，應當向商標局申請商品商標注冊。
自然人、法人或者其他組織對其提供的服務項目，需要取得商標專用權的，應當向商標局申請服務商標注冊。
本法有關商品商標的規定，適用于服務商標。
第五條 兩個以上的自然人、法人或者其他組織可以共同向商標局申請注冊同一商標，共同享有和行使該商標專用權。
第六條 國家規定必須使用注冊商標的商品，必須申請商標注冊，未經核準注冊的，不得在市場銷售。
第七條 商標使用人應當對其使用商標的商品質量負責。各級工商行政管理部門應當通過商標管理，制止欺騙消費者的行為。
第八條 任何能夠將自然人、法人或者其他組織的商品與他人的商品區別開的可視性標志，包括文字、圖形、字母、數字、三維標志和顏色組合，以及上述要素的組合，均可以作為商標申請注冊。
第九條 申請注冊的商標，應當有顯著特征，便于識別，并不得與他人在先取得的合法權利相沖突。
商標注冊人有權標明“注冊商標”或者注冊標記。
第十條 下列標志不得作為商標使用：
（一）同中華人民共和國的國家名稱、國旗、國徽、軍旗、勛章相同或者近似的，以及同中央國家機關所在地特定地點的名稱或者標志性建筑物的名稱、圖形相同的；
（二）同外國的國家名稱、國旗、國徽、軍旗相同或者近似的，但該國政府同意的除外；
（三）同政府間國際組織的名稱、旗幟、徽記相同或者近似的，但經該組織同意或者不易誤導公眾的除外；
（四）與表明實施控制、予以保證的官方標志、檢驗印記相同或者近似的，但經授權的除外；
（五）同“紅十字”、“紅新月”的名稱、標志相同或者近似的；
（六）帶有民族歧視性的；
（七）夸大宣傳并帶有欺騙性的；
（八）有害于社會主義道德風尚或者有其他不良影響的。
縣級以上行政區劃的地名或者公眾知曉的外國地名，不得作為商標。但是，地名具有其他含義或者作為集體商標、證明商標組成部分的除外；已經注冊的使用地名的商標繼續有效。
第十一條 下列標志不得作為商標注冊：
（一）僅有本商品的通用名稱、圖形、型號的；
（二）僅僅直接表示商品的質量、主要原料、功能、用途、重量、數量及其他特點的；
（三）缺乏顯著特征的。
前款所列標志經過使用取得顯著特征，并便于識別的，可以作為商標注冊。
第十二條 以三維標志申請注冊商標的，僅由商品自身的性質產生的形狀、為獲得技術效果而需有的商品形狀或者使商品具有實質性價值的形狀，不得注冊。
第十三條 就相同或者類似商品申請注冊的商標是復制、摹仿或者翻譯他人未在中國注冊的馳名商標，容易導致混淆的，不予注冊并禁止使用。
就不相同或者不相類似商品申請注冊的商標是復制、摹仿或者翻譯他人已經在中國注冊的馳名商標，誤導公眾，致使該馳名商標注冊人的利益可能受到損害的，不予注冊并禁止使用。
第十四條 認定馳名商標應當考慮下列因素：
（一）相關公眾對該商標的知曉程度；
（二）該商標使用的持續時間；
（三）該商標的任何宣傳工作的持續時間、程度和地理范圍；
（四）該商標作為馳名商標受保護的記錄；
（五）該商標馳名的其他因素。
第十五條 未經授權，代理人或者代表人以自己的名義將被代理人或者被代表人的商標進行注冊，被代理人或者被代表人提出異議的，不予注冊并禁止使用。
第十六條 商標中有商品的地理標志，而該商品并非來源于該標志所標示的地區，誤導公眾的，不予注冊并禁止使用；但是，已經善意取得注冊的繼續有效。
前款所稱地理標志，是指標示某商品來源于某地區，該商品的特定質量、信譽或者其他特征，主要由該地區的自然因素或者人文因素所決定的標志。
第十七條 外國人或者外國企業在中國申請商標注冊的，應當按其所屬國和中華人民共和國簽訂的協議或者共同參加的國際條約辦理，或者按對等原則辦理。
第十八條 外國人或者外國企業在中國申請商標注冊和辦理其他商標事宜的，應當委托國家認可的具有商標代理資格的組織代理。
第二章 商標注冊的申請
第十九條 申請商標注冊的，應當按規定的商品分類表填報使用商標的商品類別和商品名稱。
第二十條 商標注冊申請人在不同類別的商品上申請注冊同一商標的，應當按商品分類表提出注冊申請。
第二十一條 注冊商標需要在同一類的其他商品上使用的，應當另行提出注冊申請。
第二十二條 注冊商標需要改變其標志的，應當重新提出注冊申請。
第二十三條 注冊商標需要變更注冊人的名義、地址或者其他注冊事項的，應當提出變更申請。
第二十四條 商標注冊申請人自其商標在外國第一次提出商標注冊申請之日起六個月內，又在中國就相同商品以同一商標提出商標注冊申請的，依照該外國同中國簽訂的協議或者共同參加的國際條約，或者按照相互承認優先權的原則，可以享有優先權。
依照前款要求優先權的，應當在提出商標注冊申請的時候提出書面聲明，并且在三個月內提交第一次提出的商標注冊申請文件的副本；未提出書面聲明或者逾期未提交商標注冊申請文件副本的，視為未要求優先權。
第二十五條 商標在中國政府主辦的或者承認的國際展覽會展出的商品上首次使用的，自該商品展出之日起六個月內，該商標的注冊申請人可以享有優先權。
依照前款要求優先權的，應當在提出商標注冊申請的時候提出書面聲明，并且在三個月內提交展出其商品的展覽會名稱、在展出商品上使用該商標的證據、展出日期等證明文件；未提出書面聲明或者逾期未提交證明文件的，視為未要求優先權。
第二十六條 為申請商標注冊所申報的事項和所提供的材料應當真實、準確、完整。
第三章 商標注冊的審查和核準
第二十七條 申請注冊的商標，凡符合本法有關規定的，由商標局初步審定，予以公告。
第二十八條 申請注冊的商標，凡不符合本法有關規定或者同他人在同一種商品或者類似商品上已經注冊的或者初步審定的商標相同或者近似的，由商標局駁回申請，不予公告。
第二十九條 兩個或者兩個以上的商標注冊申請人，在同一種商品或者類似商品上，以相同或者近似的商標申請注冊的，初步審定并公告申請在先的商標；同一天申請的，初步審定并公告使用在先的商標，駁回其他人的申請，不予公告。
第三十條 對初步審定的商標，自公告之日起三個月內，任何人均可以提出異議。公告期滿無異議的，予以核準注冊，發給商標注冊證，并予公告。
第三十一條 申請商標注冊不得損害他人現有的在先權利，也不得以不正當手段搶先注冊他人已經使用并有一定影響的商標。
第三十二條 對駁回申請、不予公告的商標，商標局應當書面通知商標注冊申請人。商標注冊申請人不服的，可以自收到通知之日起十五日內向商標評審委員會申請復審，由商標評審委員會做出決定，并書面通知申請人。
當事人對商標評審委員會的決定不服的，可以自收到通知之日起三十日內向人民法院起訴。
第三十三條 對初步審定、予以公告的商標提出異議的，商標局應當聽取異議人和被異議人陳述事實和理由，經調查核實后，做出裁定。當事人不服的，可以自收到通知之日起十五日內向商標評審委員會申請復審，由商標評審委員會做出裁定，并書面通知異議人和被異議人。
當事人對商標評審委員會的裁定不服的，可以自收到通知之日起三十日內向人民法院起訴。人民法院應當通知商標復審程序的對方當事人作為第三人參加訴訟。
第三十四條 當事人在法定期限內對商標局做出的裁定不申請復審或者對商標評審委員會做出的裁定不向人民法院起訴的，裁定生效。
經裁定異議不能成立的，予以核準注冊，發給商標注冊證，并予公告；經裁定異議成立的，不予核準注冊。
經裁定異議不能成立而核準注冊的，商標注冊申請人取得商標專用權的時間自初審公告三個月期滿之日起計算。
第三十五條 對商標注冊申請和商標復審申請應當及時進行審查。
第三十六條 商標注冊申請人或者注冊人發現商標申請文件或者注冊文件有明顯錯誤的，可以申請更正。商標局依法在其職權范圍內作出更正，并通知當事人。
前款所稱更正錯誤不涉及商標申請文件或者注冊文件的實質性內容。
第四章 注冊商標的續展、轉讓和使用許可
第三十七條 注冊商標的有效期為十年，自核準注冊之日起計算。
第三十八條 注冊商標有效期滿，需要繼續使用的，應當在期滿前六個月內申請續展注冊；在此期間未能提出申請的，可以給予六個月的寬展期。寬展期滿仍未提出申請的，注銷其注冊商標。
每次續展注冊的有效期為十年。
續展注冊經核準后，予以公告。
第三十九條 轉讓注冊商標的，轉讓人和受讓人應當簽訂轉讓協議，并共同向商標局提出申請。受讓人應當保證使用該注冊商標的商品質量。
轉讓注冊商標經核準后，予以公告。受讓人自公告之日起享有商標專用權。
第四十條 商標注冊人可以通過簽訂商標使用許可合同，許可他人使用其注冊商標。許可人應當監督被許可人使用其注冊商標的商品質量。被許可人應當保證使用該注冊商標的商品質量。
經許可使用他人注冊商標的，必須在使用該注冊商標的商品上標明被許可人的名稱和商品產地。
商標使用許可合同應當報商標局備案。
第五章 注冊商標爭議的裁定
第四十一條 已經注冊的商標，違反本法第十條、第十一條、第十二條規定的，或者是以欺騙手段或者其他不正當手段取得注冊的，由商標局撤銷該注冊商標；其他單位或者個人可以請求商標評審委員會裁定撤銷該注冊商標。
已經注冊的商標，違反本法第十三條、第十五條、第十六條、第三十一條規定的，自商標注冊之日起五年內，商標所有人或者利害關系人可以請求商標評審委員會裁定撤銷該注冊商標。對惡意注冊的，馳名商標所有人不受五年的時間限制。
除前兩款規定的情形外，對已經注冊的商標有爭議的，可以自該商標經核準注冊之日起五年內，向商標評審委員會申請裁定。
商標評審委員會收到裁定申請后，應當通知有關當事人，并限期提出答辯。
第四十二條 對核準注冊前已經提出異議并經裁定的商標，不得再以相同的事實和理由申請裁定。
第四十三條 商標評審委員會做出維持或者撤銷注冊商標的裁定后，應當書面通知有關當事人。
當事人對商標評審委員會的裁定不服的，可以自收到通知之日起三十日內向人民法院起訴。人民法院應當通知商標裁定程序的對方當事人作為第三人參加訴訟。
第六章 商標使用的管理
第四十四條 使用注冊商標，有下列行為之一的，由商標局責令限期改正或者撤銷其注冊商標：
（一）自行改變注冊商標的；
（二）自行改變注冊商標的注冊人名義、地址或者其他注冊事項的；
（三）自行轉讓注冊商標的；
（四）連續三年停止使用的。
第四十五條 使用注冊商標，其商品粗制濫造，以次充好，欺騙消費者的，由各級工商行政管理部門分別不同情況，責令限期改正，并可以予以通報或者處以罰款，或者由商標局撤銷其注冊商標。
第四十六條 注冊商標被撤銷的或者期滿不再續展的，自撤銷或者注銷之日起一年內，商標局對與該商標相同或者近似的商標注冊申請，不予核準。
第四十七條 違反本法第六條規定的，由地方工商行政管理部門責令限期申請注冊，可以并處罰款。
第四十八條 使用未注冊商標，有下列行為之一的，由地方工商行政管理部門予以制止，限期改正，并可以予以通報或者處以罰款：
（一）冒充注冊商標的；
（二）違反本法第十條規定的；
（三）粗制濫造，以次充好，欺騙消費者的。
第四十九條 對商標局撤銷注冊商標的決定，當事人不服的，可以自收到通知之日起十五日內向商標評審委員會申請復審，由商標評審委員會做出決定，并書面通知申請人。
當事人對商標評審委員會的決定不服的，可以自收到通知之日起三十日內向人民法院起訴。
第五十條 對工商行政管理部門根據本法第四十五條、第四十七條、第四十八條的規定做出的罰款決定，當事人不服的，可以自收到通知之日起十五日內，向人民法院起訴；期滿不起訴又不履行的，由有關工商行政管理部門申請人民法院強制執行。
第七章 注冊商標專用權的保護
第五十一條 注冊商標的專用權，以核準注冊的商標和核定使用的商品為限。
第五十二條 有下列行為之一的，均屬侵犯注冊商標專用權：
（一）未經商標注冊人的許可，在同一種商品或者類似商品上使用與其注冊商標相同或者近似的商標的；（二）銷售侵犯注冊商標專用權的商品的；
（三）偽造、擅自制造他人注冊商標標識或者銷售偽造、擅自制造的注冊商標標識的；
（四）未經商標注冊人同意，更換其注冊商標并將該更換商標的商品又投入市場的；
（五）給他人的注冊商標專用權造成其他損害的。
第五十三條 有本法第五十二條所列侵犯注冊商標專用權行為之一，引起糾紛的，由當事人協商解決；不愿協商或者協商不成的，商標注冊人或者利害關系人可以向人民法院起訴，也可以請求工商行政管理部門處理。工商行政管理部門處理時，認定侵權行為成立的，責令立即停止侵權行為，沒收、銷毀侵權商品和專門用于制造侵權商品、偽造注冊商標標識的工具，并可處以罰款。當事人對處理決定不服的，可以自收到處理通知之日起十五日內依照《中華人民共和國行政訴訟法》向人民法院起訴；侵權人期滿不起訴又不履行的，工商行政管理部門可以申請人民法院強制執行。進行處理的工商行政管理部門根據當事人的請求，可以就侵犯商標專用權的賠償數額進行調解；調解不成的，當事人可以依照《中華人民共和國民事訴訟法》向人民法院起訴。
第五十四條 對侵犯注冊商標專用權的行為，工商行政管理部門有權依法查處；涉嫌犯罪的，應當及時移送司法機關依法處理。
第五十五條 縣級以上工商行政管理部門根據已經取得的違法嫌疑證據或者舉報，對涉嫌侵犯他人注冊商標專用權的行為進行查處時，可以行使下列職權：
（一）詢問有關當事人，調查與侵犯他人注冊商標專用權有關的情況；
（二）查閱、復制當事人與侵權活動有關的合同、發票、帳簿以及其他有關資料；
（三）對當事人涉嫌從事侵犯他人注冊商標專用權活動的場所實施現場檢查；
（四）檢查與侵權活動有關的物品；對有證據證明是侵犯他人注冊商標專用權的物品，可以查封或者扣押。
工商行政管理部門依法行使前款規定的職權時，當事人應當予以協助、配合，不得拒絕、阻撓。
第五十六條 侵犯商標專用權的賠償數額，為侵權人在侵權期間因侵權所獲得的利益，或者被侵權人在被侵權期間因被侵權所受到的損失，包括被侵權人為制止侵權行為所支付的合理開支。
前款所稱侵權人因侵權所得利益，或者被侵權人因被侵權所受損失難以確定的，由人民法院根據侵權行為的情節判決給予五十萬元以下的賠償。
銷售不知道是侵犯注冊商標專用權的商品，能證明該商品是自己合法取得的并說明提供者的，不承擔賠償責任。
第五十七條 商標注冊人或者利害關系人有證據證明他人正在實施或者即將實施侵犯其注冊商標專用權的行為，如不及時制止，將會使其合法權益受到難以彌補的損害的，可以在起訴前向人民法院申請采取責令停止有關行為和財產保全的措施。
人民法院處理前款申請，適用《中華人民共和國民事訴訟法》第九十三條至第九十六條和第九十九條的規定。
第五十八條 為制止侵權行為，在證據可能滅失或者以后難以取得的情況下，商標注冊人或者利害關系人可以在起訴前向人民法院申請保全證據。
人民法院接受申請后，必須在四十八小時內做出裁定；裁定采取保全措施的，應當立即開始執行。
人民法院可以責令申請人提供擔保，申請人不提供擔保的，駁回申請。
申請人在人民法院采取保全措施后十五日內不起訴的，人民法院應當解除保全措施。
第五十九條 未經商標注冊人許可，在同一種商品上使用與其注冊商標相同的商標，構成犯罪的，除賠償被侵權人的損失外，依法追究刑事責任。
偽造、擅自制造他人注冊商標標識或者銷售偽造、擅自制造的注冊商標標識，構成犯罪的，除賠償被侵權人的損失外，依法追究刑事責任。
銷售明知是假冒注冊商標的商品，構成犯罪的，除賠償被侵權人的損失外，依法追究刑事責任。
第六十條 從事商標注冊、管理和復審工作的國家機關工作人員必須秉公執法，廉潔自律，忠于職守，文明服務。
商標局、商標評審委員會以及從事商標注冊、管理和復審工作的國家機關工作人員不得從事商標代理業務和商品生產經營活動。
第六十一條 工商行政管理部門應當建立健全內部監督制度，對負責商標注冊、管理和復審工作的國家機關工作人員執行法律、行政法規和遵守紀律的情況，進行監督檢查。
第六十二條 從事商標注冊、管理和復審工作的國家機關工作人員玩忽職守、濫用職權、徇私舞弊，違法辦理商標注冊、管理和復審事項，收受當事人財物，牟取不正當利益，構成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責任；尚不構成犯罪的，依法給予行政處分。
第八章 附則
第六十三條 申請商標注冊和辦理其他商標事宜的，應當繳納費用，具體收費標準另定。
第六十四條 本法自１９８３年３月１日起施行。１９６３年４月１０日國務院公布的《商標管理條例》同時廢止；其他有關商標管理的規定，凡與本法抵觸的，同時失效。
本法施行前已經注冊的商標繼續有效。
Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China
(Adopted at the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress on 23 August 1982; revised for the first time according to the Decision on the Amendment of the Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 30th Session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress, on 22 February 1993; and revised for the second time according to the Decision on the Amendment of the Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on 27 October 2001)
Chapter I. General Provisions
Article 1. This Law is enacted for the purposes of improving the administration of trademarks, protecting the exclusive right to use trademarks, and of encouraging producers and operators to guarantee the quality of their goods and services and maintain the reputation of their trademarks, with a view to protecting the interests of consumers, producers and traders and to promoting the development of socialist market economy.
Article 2. The Trademark Office of the administrative authority for industry and commerce under the State Council shall be responsible for the registration and administration of trademarks throughout the country. The administrative authority for industry and commerce under the State Council shall establish a Trademark Review and Adjudication Board which shall be responsible for handling matters of trademark disputes.
Article 3. A registered trademark, include a trademark for goods, a service mark, a collective mark and a certification mark, refers to a trademarks that have been approved and registered by the Trademark Office. The trademark registrants shall enjoy the exclusive right to use the marks, which shall be protected by law. In this law, a collective mark refers to a mark which is registered in the name of a group, an association or any other organization and to be used by its members in their commercial activities to indicate their membership. In this law, a certification mark refers to a mark which is controlled by an organization capable of supervision a particular type of goods or service which is used in respect of goods or services by other organizations or individuals who do not belong to the said organization, with a view to certifying the origin, raw material, mode of manufacture of goods or performance of services, quality or other characteristics of the goods or services. Rules for the particular matters of registration and administration of collective and certification marks shall be promulgated by the administrative authority for industry and commerce under the State Council.
Article 4. Any natural person, legal person or other organization, intending to acquire the exclusive right to use a trademark for the goods produced, manufactured, processed, selected or marketed by him or it, shall file an application for the registration of the trademark with the Trademark Office.
Any natural person, legal person or other organization, intending to acquire the exclusive right to use a service mark for the service provided by him or it, shall file an application for the registration of the service mark with the Trademark Office.
Provisions made in this law concerning trademarks shall apply to service marks.
Article 5. Two or more natural persons, legal entities or other organizations may jointly file an application for the registration for the same trademark with the Trademark Office, and jointly enjoy and exercise the exclusive right to use the trademark.
Article 6. As for any of such goods, as prescribed by the State, that must bear a registered trademark, a trademark registration must be applied for. Where no trademark registration has been granted, such goods cannot be marketed.
Article 7. The user of a trademark shall be responsible for the quality of the goods in respect of which the trademark is used. The administrative authorities for industry and commerce at different levels shall, through the administration of trademarks, stop any practice that deceives consumers.
Article 8. Any visual sign capable of distinguishing the goods or service of one natural person, legal person or any other organization from those of others, including words, devices, letters of numerals, three-dimensional symbols, combinations of colors or any combination of the above elements may be applied for the registration of a trademark.
Article 9. Where a trademark is applied for registration, it shall be so distinctive as to be distinguishable and it shall not conflict with any other legal rights acquired earlier by others.
The registrant of a trademark has the right to use the words of "registered trademark" or other registration sign to indicate that his or its trademark is registered.
Article 10. The following words or devices shall not be used as trademarks:
(1) those identical with or similar to the State name, national flag, national emblem, military flag, or decorations, of the People's Republic of China; and those identical with the names of particular venues where the Central State government organizations are located, or with the names or graphs of the symbolic buildings or the Central State government organizations;
(2) those identical with or similar to the State names, national flags, national emblems or military flags of foreign countries, except that consent has been given by the relevant country's government;
(3) those identical with or similar to the names, flags or emblems or names, of international intergovernmental organizations, except that the organizations agree otherwise on the use or that it is not easy for the use to mislead the public;
(4) those identical with or similar to official signs and hallmarks indicating control and warranty, except that the use thereof is otherwise authorized;
(5) those identical with or similar to the names or symbols of the Red Cross or the Red Crescent;
(6) those having the nature of discrimination against any nationality;
(7) those having the nature of exaggeration and fraud in advertising goods or services;
(8) those detrimental to socialist morals or customs, or having other unhealthy influences.
The geographical names as the administrative divisions at or above the county level and the foreign geographical names well-known to the public shall not be used as trademarks, but such geographical names as have otherwise meanings or as an element of a collective mark or a certification mark shall be exclusive. Where a trademark using any of the above-mentioned geographical names has been approved and registered, it shall continue to be valid.
Article 11. The following signs shall not be registered as a trademark:
(1) those which consist exclusively of generic names, designs or models of the goods in respect of which the trademark is used;
(2) those which consist exclusively of signs or indications that have direct reference to the quality, main raw materials, function, intended purpose, weight, quantity or other characteristics of goods or services;
(3) those which are devoid of any distinctive character.
Where trademarks under the preceding paragraphs have acquired distinctiveness through use and become easily distinguishable, they may be registered as trademarks.
Article 12. Where a three-dimensional sign is applied for the registration of a trademark, it shall not be registered if it consists exclusively of the shape which results from the nature of the goods themselves, the shape of goods which is necessary to obtain a technical result, or the shape which gives substantial value to the goods.
Article 13. A trademark that is applied for registration in identical or similar goods shall not be registered and its use shall be prohibited, if it is a reproduction, an imitation or a translation, of another party's well-known mark that is not registered in China and it is liable to create confusion.
A trademark that is applied for registration in non-identical or dissimilar goods shall not be registered and its use shall be prohibited, if it is a reproduction, an imitation or a translation, of a well-known mark which is registered in China, misleads the public, and the interests of the registrant of the well-known mark are likely to be damaged by such use.
Article 14. In determining whether a mark is well-known or not, the following factors shall be considered:
(1) the degree of knowledge of the relative public;
(2) the duration of use;
(3) the duration of time, degree and geographical range of any publicity of the mark;
(4) any record of the mark being protected as a well-known mark;
(5) other factors which makes the mark well-known.
Article 15. Where the agent or representative of a person who is the owner of a mark applies, without such owner's authorization, for the registration of the mark in his own name, if the owner opposes the registration applied for, the application shall be refused and the use of the mark shall be prohibited.
Article 16. Where a trademark contains or consists of a geographic indication which respect to goods not originating in the place indicated, misleading the public as to the true place of origin, the application for registration shall be refused and the use of the mark shall be prohibited. But for those marks that have obtained registration in good faith shall continue to be valid.
Geographical indications mentioned in the preceding paragraph are indications that identify a particular good as origination in a region, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the goods is essentially attributable to its natural or human factors.
Article 17. Any foreigner or foreign enterprise intending to apply for the registration of a trademark in China shall file an application in accordance with any agreement concluded between the People's Republic of China and the country to which the applicant belongs, or according to the international treaty to which both countries are parties, or on the basis of the principles of reciprocity.
Article 18. Any foreigner or foreign enterprise intending to apply for the registration of a trademark or for any other matters concerning a trademark in China shall entrust any of such organizations as recognized to be qualified for trademark agency by the State to act as his or its agent.
Chapter II. Application for Trademark Registration
Article 19. An applicant for the registration of a trademark shall, in a form, indicate, in accordance with the prescribed classification of goods, the class of the goods and the designation of the goods in respect of which the trademark is to be used.
Article 20. Where any applicant for registration of a trademark intends to apply the same trademark for goods in different classes, an application for registration shall be filed in respect of each class of the prescribed classification of goods.
Article 21. Where a registered trademark is to be used in respect of other goods of the same class, a new application for registration shall be filed.
Article 22. Where the sign of a registered trademark is to be altered, a new registration shall be applied for.
Article 23. Where, after the registration of a trademark, the name, address or other registered matters concerning the registrant change, an application regarding the change shall be filed.
Article 24. Any applicant for the registration of a mark in China who has previously duly filed an application to register the same mark in connection with the same goods in a foreign country may enjoy the right of priority in accordance with any agreement concluded between the PRC and the foreign country concerned, or with the international treaty to which both countries are parties, or on the basis of the principle of reciprocity, provided that the application in China is filed within six months from the date on which the application was first filed in the foreign country.
Anyone claiming the right of priority according to the preceding paragraph shall so state in writing at the time of filing the application and shall submit, within three months, a copy of the original in writing when it or he files the application for the trademark registration, and submit, within three months, a copy of the application documents it or he first filed for the registration of the trademark; where the applicant fails to make the claim in writing or submit the copy of the application documents within the time limit, the claim shall be deemed not to have been made for the right of priority.
Article 25. Where an application uses a trademark for the first time on goods displayed at an international exhibition sponsored or recognized by the Chinese government, he or it may claim the right of priority, provided he or it files an application for the registration of the mark within six moths from the date of the exhibition.
Anyone claiming the right of priority in accordance with the provision in the preceding paragraph shall so state in writing at the time of filing the application, and shall submit, within three months, the name of the exhibition, evidence certifying the use of the mark on the goods displayed, and documents validation the date of the exhibition. An applicant who fails to claim in writing or to submit the documents required within the specified period shall be deemed as not having claimed the right of priority.
Article 26. Matters declared and documents provided for the purpose of the application for the registration of a trademark shall be true, accurate and complete.
Chapter III. Examination for and Approval of Trademark Registration
Article 27. Where a trademark the registration of which has been applied for is in conformity with the relevant provisions of this Law, the Trademark Office shall, after examination, preliminarily approve the trademark and publish it.
Article 28. Where a trademark the registration of which has been applied for is not in conformity with the relevant provisions of this Law, or it is identical with or similar to the trademark of another party that has, in respect of the same or similar goods, been registered or, after examination, preliminarily approved, the Trademark Office shall refuse the application and shall not publish the said trademark.
Article 29. Where two or more applicants apply for the registration of identical or similar trademarks for the same or similar goods, the preliminary approval, after examination, and the publication shall be made for the trademark which was first filed. Where applications are filed on the same day, the preliminary approval, after examination, and the publication shall be made for the trademark which was the earliest used, and the applications of the others shall be refused and their trademarks shall not be published.
Article 30. Any person may, within three months from the date of the publication, file an opposition against the trademark that has, after examination, been preliminarily approved. If no opposition has been filed at the expiration of the expiration of the specified period, the registration shall be approved, a certificate of trademark registration shall be issued and the trademark shall be published.
Article 31. No trademark application shall infringe upon another party's existing prior rights. Nor shall an applicant register in an unfair means a mark that is already in use by another party and has certain influence.
Article 32. Where the application for registration of a trademark is refused and no publication of the trademark is made, the Trademark Office shall notify the applicant of the same in writing. Where the applicant is dissatisfied, he or it may, within fifteen days from receipt of the notification, apply for a review to the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, which shall make a decision and notify the applicant of the same in writing.
Where any party concerned is dissatisfied with the decision of the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, he or it may within 30 days from receipt of the corresponding notice, institute legal proceedings with the people's court.
Article 33. Where an opposition is filed against the trademark that has, after examination, been preliminarily approved and published, the Trademark Office shall hear both the opponent and the opposed state facts and grounds, and shall, after investigation and verification, make a ruling. Where any party is dissatisfied, he or it may, within fifteen days from receipt of the notification, apply for a review to the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, which shall make a ruling and notify both the opponent and the opposed in writing.
Where any interested party is dissatisfied with the ruling of the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, he or it may, within 30 days from the receipt of the notice, institute legal proceedings with the people's court. The People's Court shall notify the other party in the trademark review proceedings to be a third party to the litigation.
Article 34. Where the interested party does not, within the statutory time limit, apply for the reexamination of the adjudication by the Trademark Office or does not institute legal proceedings in respect of the adjudication by the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, the adjudication takes effect.
If it is decided that the opposition is not justified, the registration shall be approved, a certificate of trademark registration shall be issued and the trademark shall be published. If it is decided that the opposition is justified, no registration shall be approved.
Where it is decided that the opposition is not justified and the mark shall be registered, the date on which the applicant acquires the mark's exclusive right of use shall be counted from the day three months after it's preliminary publication.
Article 35. Application for trademark registration and trademark registration review shall be examined without delay.
Article 36. Where a trademark applicant or trademark registrant finds an obvious error in the documents of application or registration, he or it may apply to have it corrected. The Trademark Office shall ex officio make corrections in accordance with law and notify the party concerned.
The correction of errors provided in the preceding paragraph shall not involve substantive matters in the application or registration documents.
Chapter IV. Renewal, Assignment and Licensing of Registered Trademarks
Article 37. The period of validity of a registered trademark shall be ten years, counted from the date of approval of the registration.
Article 38. Where the registrant intends to continue to use the registered trademark beyond the expiration of the period of validity, an application for renewal of the registration shall be made within six months before the said expiration. Where no application therefore has been filed within the said period, a grace period of six months may be allowed. If no application has been filed at the expiration of the grace period, the registered trademark shall be cancelled.
The period of validity of each renewal of registration shall be ten years.
Any renewal of registration shall be published after it has been approved.
Article 39. Where a registered trademark is assigned, the assignor and assignee shall sign an agreement for the assignment and jointly file an application with the Trademark Office. The assignee shall guarantee the quality of the goods in respect of which the registered trademark is used.
The assignment of a registered trademark shall be published after it has been approved. The assignee shall enjoy the exclusive right to use the mark from the date of publication.
Article 40. Any trademark registrant may, by signing a trademark license contract, authorize other persons to use his or its registered trademark. The licensor shall supervise the quality of the goods in respect of which the licensee uses his registered trademark, and the licensee shall guarantee the quality of the goods in respect of which the registered trademark is used.
Where any party is authorized to use a registered trademark of another party, the name of the licensee and the origin of the goods must be indicated on the goods that bear the registered trademark. The trademark license contract shall be submitted to the Trademark Office for record.
Chapter V. Adjudication of Disputes Concerning Registered Trademarks
Article 41. Where a registered trademark stands in violation of the provisions of Articles 10, 11 and 12 of this Law, or the registration of a trademark was acquired by fraud or any other unfair means, the Trademark Office shall cancel the registered trademark in question; and any other organization or individual may request the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board to make an adjudication to cancel such a registered trademark.
Where a registered trademark stands in violation of the provisions of Articles 13, 15, 16 and 31 of this Law, the owner of the mark or any interested party may, within five years from the date of registration, request the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board to make an adjudication to cancel such a registered trademark.
Where a registration was obtained in bad faith, the owner of a well-known trademark shall not be bound by the five-year limitation.
In addition to those cases as provided in the preceding two paragraphs, a prior registrant disputing a registered trademark may, within five years from the date of approval of the trademark registration, apply to the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board for adjudication.
The Trademark Review and Adjudication Board shall, after receipt of the application for adjudication, notify the parties concerned and request them to respond with arguments within a specified period.
Article 42. Where a trademark, before its being approved for registration, has been the object of opposition and decision, no application for adjudication may be filed based on the same facts and grounds.
Article 43. After the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board has made an adjudication either to maintain or to cancel a registered trademark, it shall notify the parties concerned of the same in writing.
Where any party concerned is dissatisfied with the decision of the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, he or it may, within thirty days from receipt of the notice, institute legal proceedings in the People's Court. The People's Court shall notify the other party in the trademark adjudication proceeding to be a third party to the litigation.
Chapter VI. Administration of the Use of Trademarks
Article 44. Where any person who uses a registered trademark has committed any of the following acts, the Trademark Office shall order him to rectify the situation within a specified period or even cancel the registered trademark:
(1) where a registered trademark is altered unilaterally (that is, without the required registration);
(2) where the name, address or other registered matters concerning the registrant of a registered trademark are changed unilaterally (that is, without the required application);
(3) where the registered trademark is assigned unilaterally (that is, without the required approval);
(4) where the use of the registered trademark has ceased for three consecutive years.
Article 45. Where a registered trademark is used in respect of the goods that have been roughly or poorly manufactured, or whose superior quality has been replaced by inferior quality, so that consumers are deceived, the administrative authorities for industry and commerce at different levels shall, according to the circumstances, order rectification of the situation within a specified period, and may, in addition, circulate a notice of criticism or impose a fine, and the Trademark Office may even cancel the registered trademark.
Article 46. Where a registered trademark has been cancelled or has not been renewed at the expiration, the Trademark Office shall, during one year from the date of the cancellation or removal thereof, approve no application for the registration of a trademark that is identical with or similar to the said trademark.
Article 47. Where any person violates the provisions of Article 6 of this Law, the local administrative authority for industry and commerce shall order him to file an application for the registration within a specified period, and may, in addition, impose a fine.
Article 48. Where any person who uses an unregistered trademark has committed any of the following, the local administrative authority for industry and commerce shall stop the use of the trademark, order him to rectify the situation within a specified period, and may, in addition, circulate a notice of criticism or impose a fine:
(1) where the trademark is falsely represented as registered;
(2) where any provision of Article 10 of this Law is violated;
(3) where the manufacture is of rough or poor, or where superior quality is replaced by inferior quality, so that consumers are deceived.
Article 49. Any party concerned dissatisfied with the decision of the Trademark Office to cancel a registered trademark may, within fifteen days from receipt of the corresponding notice, apply for a review with the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, which shall make a decision and notify the applicant in writing. Where any interested party dissatisfied with the decision of the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, he or it may, within 30 days from receipt of the notice, institute legal proceedings in the People's Court.
Article 50. Any interested party dissatisfied with the decision of the administrative authority for industry and commerce to impose a fine under the provisions of Article 45, Article 47 or Article 48 may, within fifteen days from receipt of the corresponding notice, institute legal proceedings with the People's Court. If there have been instituted no legal proceedings or no performance of the decision has been made at the expiration of the said period, the administrative authority for industry and commerce may request the People's Court for compulsory execution thereof.
Chapter VII Protection of the Exclusive Rights to Use Registered Trademarks
Article 51. The exclusive right to use a registered trademark is limited to the trademark which has been approved for registration and to the goods in respect of which the use of the trademark has been approved.
Article 52. Any of the following acts shall be an infringement of the exclusive right to use a registered trademark:
(1) using a trademark that is identical with or similar to a registered trademark in respect of the same or similar goods without the authorization from the trademark registrant;
(2) selling goods that infringe the exclusive right to use a registered trademark;
(3) counterfeiting, or making, without authorization, representations of a registered trademark of another person, or selling such representations of a registered trademark as were counterfeited, or made without authorization;
(4) replacing another party's registered trademark, without authorization, and selling goods bearing such a replaced trademark;
(5) causing, in other respects, prejudice to the exclusive right of another person to use a registered trademark.
Article 53. Where a dispute arises after a party commits any of such acts to infringe the exclusive right to use a registered trademark as provided for in Article 52 of this Law, the parties involved shall settle the dispute through consultation. Where the parties refuse to pursue consultation or where consultation has failed, the trademark registrant or interested party may institute legal proceedings with the People's Court, or request the administrative authority for industry and commerce for actions. The administrative authority for industry and commerce shall, upon determining the trademark infringement has taken place, order the infringer to immediately stop the infringing act, confiscate and destroy the infringing goods and any instruments specifically used to manufacture the infringing goods and counterfeit representations of the registered trademarks, and even impose a fine. Where any interested party is dissatisfied with the decision of the administrative authority for industry and commerce, he or it may, within 15 days from the date of receipt of the notification, institute legal proceedings with the people's court in accordance with the Administrative Procedural Law of the People's Republic of China. If there are no legal proceedings instituted or no performance of the decision at the expiration of the said period, the administrative authority for industry and commerce may request the People's Court for compulsory execution thereof. Where a party so requests, the administrative authority for industry and commerce handling a dispute may mediate in settling the amount of damages. Where mediation fails, a party may institute legal proceedings with the People's Court in accordance with the Civil Procedural Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 54. The administrative authority for industry and commerce has the power to investigate and handle by law any conduct infringing upon the exclusive right to use a registered trademark. Where a crime is suspected to have been committed, the case shall be promptly transferred to the judicial authority to be dealt with in accordance with law.
Article 55. When investigating activities suspected of having infringed upon another party's exclusive right to use a registered trademark, the administrative authority for industry and commerce at or above the county level may, based on the obtained evidences suspected of illegal conduct or information supplied by a member of the public, exercise the following functions and authorities;
(1) to inquire of the interested about the case; to investigate into such circumstances as involved infringement upon other parties' exclusive right to use a registered trademark;
(2) to examine or reproduce the interested party's contracts, invoices and account books and other materials as involved infringement upon other parties' exclusive right to use a registered trademark;
(3) to conduct an on-site inspection of the premises where the party has carried out acts allegedly infringing upon another party's exclusive right to use a registered trademark;
(4) to check up such articles as relate to the infringing act and may seal or take into custody articles which are proven to have infringed upon another party's exclusive right to use a registered trademark.
When the administrative authority for industry and commerce exercises such functions and powers as enumerated in the preceding paragraph, the interested parties shall assist and cooperate and shall not refuse or obstruct to do so.
Article 56. The amount of damages for infringement of the exclusive right to use a registered trademark shall be the profit that the infringer has earned through the infringement during the period of the infringement or the losses that the period of the infringee has suffered through the infringement during the period of the infringement, including any reasonable expenses the infringee has incurred in his or its efforts to stop the infringement.
Where the profit earned because by the infringer or losses suffered by the infringee through the infringement referred to in the preceding paragraph can not be determined, the people's court shall decide an amount of damages not more than 500,000 yuan RMB, depending on the circumstances of the infringing acts.
Where a party unknowingly sells goods that infringe upon another party's exclusive right to use a registered trademark but is able to prove that he or it has obtained the goods lawfully and is able to identify the supplier, he or it shall not be held liable for damages.
Article 57. Where a trademark registrant or any interested submits evidence proving that another party is engaged in or will soon engage in actions that infringe upon the former's exclusive right to use his or its registered trademark and that, unless they are stopped promptly, it will cause irreparable damages to its legitimate rights and interests, he or it may, before filing a lawsuit, apply to the people's court for the granting of an injunction prohibition the relevant acts and taking measures for property preservation.
The People's Court handling the application under the preceding paragraph shall apply the provisions of Articles 93 to Article 96 and Article 99 of the Civil Procedural Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 58. With a view to prohibiting trademark infringing acts and where evidences may be destroyed or lost or become unobtainable in the future, a trademark registrant or interested party may file an application with the people's court for preservation of the evidence before instituting legal proceedings to the people's court.
The People's Court shall make a decision within 48 hours after receipt of the application. Where the people's court decides to provide preservative measures, the decision shall be enforced immediately.
The People's Court may order the applicant to provide guaranty. Where no guaranty provided, the people's court shall reject the application.
Where the applicant fails to institute legal proceedings within 15 days after the people's court grants the preservative measures, the people's court shall rescind the said measures.
Article 59. Where any party, without the authorization from the trademark registrant, uses a trademark that is identical with a registered trademark in respect of the same goods, if it constitutes a crime, the party shall be prosecuted, according to lae, for its criminal liabilities in addition to compensating the losses the infringee suffers. Where any party counterfeits, or makes, without authorization, representations of a registered trademark of another party, or sells such representations of a registered trademark as were counterfeited, or made without authorization, if it constitutes a crime, the party shall be prosecuted, according to law, for its criminal liabilities.
Where any party sells goods that he knows bear a counterfeited registered trademark, if it constitute a crime, the party shall be prosecuted, according to law, for its criminal liabilities in addition to compensating the losses the infringee suffers.
Article 60. State functionaries engaged in trademark registration, administration and review shall be impartial in implementing the law, incorruptible and self-disciplined, devoted to their duties and shall be courteous and honest in their delivery of service.
State functionaries of the Trademark Office and the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board and other personnel engaged in trademark registration, administration and review shall not be involved in trademark agency services or in any activity of manufacturing and trading goods.
Article 61. Administrative authorities for industry and commerce shall establish and perfect an internal supervisory system to supervise and inspect the way state functionaries responsible for trademark registration, administration and review implement laws and administrative regulations and observe disciplines.
Article 62. Where state functionary engaged in trademark registration, administration and review are derelict of duty, abuse their power, and practice fraud for personal gains; where they handle trademark registration, administration and review matters in violation of the law. Where they accept money or properties from a party in a trademark matter; where they seek improper gains; and where the case is so serious as to constitute a crime. They shall be prosecuted, according to law, for their criminal liabilities. Where the case does not constitute a crime, the person involved shall be subject to administrative disciplinary measures according to law.
Chapter VIII. Supplementary Provisions
Article 63. Any application for a trademark registration and for other matters concerning a trademark shall be subject to payment of the fees as prescribed. The schedule of fees shall be prescribed separately.
Article 64. This Law shall enter into force on March 1, 1983. The "Regulations Governing Trademarks" promulgated by the State Council on April 10, 1963 shall be abrogated on the same date, and any other provisions concerning trademarks contrary to this Law shall cease to be effective at the same time.
Trademarks registered before this Law enters into force shall continue to be valid.
(Translation by the Trade demark Office of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the People's Republic of China)
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